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Scientists expect that cyanobacteria (also called blue-green algae) or some form of similar life might exist in the form of endolithic biofilms on Mars. Cyanobacteria are one of the oldest forms of life on Earth, and similar forms of life may have developed on other planets like Mars as well. Cyanobacteria are practically ubiquitous on earth. Species of Gloeocapsa form endolithic biofilms on limestone surfaces over much of the U.S., for example. Substantial surface discoloration observed on roofs in the southeast U.S. comes from the cyanobacterium Gloeocapsa magma. The spores are carried by the wind from roof to roof. The cells use shingles as a food source. Gloeocapsa can feed on the calcium carbonate typically used as a filler material to add weight to shingles. The dark color develops over time as the species attempts to protect itself from sunlight-induced damage. Gloeocapsa also forms large communities in areas as diverse as ancient Mayan buildings in Yucatan, Mexico, and as inhospitable as the McMurdo Dry Valley in Antarctica (Banerjee, 2000).