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One day, I am going to call Proctor And Gamble
Some of The BEST chemical engineers in the world work there.
Read this ?
It is about a revolutionary bleach activator for Peroxide Based Bleaches.
It would be NICE if we could make Peroxide clean like WE want ???
Oxygen Bleach has many advantages over Sodium Hypochlorite!

IMHO, we must ALL "keep our eyes and minds OPEN to new ways to clean roofs ?

How Detergent with Bleach Works

Nonanoyloxybenzene sulfonate (NOBS), a stable activator molecule and a key ingredient in detergent with activated bleach, interacts with peroxide when introduced into the wash solution to transform into peracid bleach.

The following diagram shows the primary and secondary reactions:

Combining Detergent with Bleach

Manufacturers knew of the cleaning powers of bleach for some time, but several problems hindered the development of an effective detergent with bleach. To produce such a product, scientists had to develop a bleach that was safe for most fabrics and stable when combined with detergent. Additionally, due to the washing process in the United States, the product would need to work at relatively low temperatures and under dilute conditions.

P&G discovered that the most logical approach to improved bleaching performance at lower wash temperatures is the "activation" of peroxide (perborate dissolved in water) using a bleach activator. The activation during the wash process results in the formation of peracid bleach.

P&G scientists also had to perfect a molecular design that concentrates the peracid bleach at the fabric surface to bring it in contact with dingy, oily soils that are difficult to remove. The bleach must have a balance of hydrophobic (or water-avoiding) properties to force it to oily/greasy surfaces on the fabric and hydrophilic (or water-liking) properties to promote volubility in the wash water. P&G solved this problem by using an alkyl chain and adjusting the chain length to achieve the right properties. The length of the chain became an important piece of the puzzle. If the chain was too short, it was ineffective for fabric whitening or cleaning greasy/oily, water-insoluble soils. If the chain was too long, the bleach tended to decompose. Laundry studies carried out in P&G laboratories showed that peracid bleaches with a chain length of eight to 10 carbon atoms provide the correct hydrophobic- hydrophilic balance for optimal performance. Not only does this molecular design strategy provide effective performance, but the efficiency allows relatively small amounts of bleach to deliver the desired effect. As a result, this relatively expensive technology can be provided to the consumer at an affordable cost.

Once P&G scientists found the correct molecular design for peracid bleach, they developed a stable activator molecule that interacts with peroxide when introduced into the wash solution, to transform into peracid bleach. The molecule commercialized by P&G is nonanoyloxybenzene sulfonate (NOBS).

NOBS produces the peracid bleach when it reacts with peroxide in the wash. This reaction occurs quickly, allowing the bleach to form and work within the short wash cycle used in the United States. It also acts as a solubilizing agent.

One final problem that faced P&G scientists was controlling the formation of a second bleach called diacylperoxide, when NOBS reacts with the peracid bleach. Diacylperoxide levels must be controlled for effective bleaching performance. The P&G design controls the peroxide-to-NOBS ratio and the pH or alkalinity of the wash solution. High pH and high peroxide-to-NOBS ratios force the bleach formation reaction to completion. This aspect of the NOBS design has also been patented by P&G and is the basis for detergent applications of the NOBS system.

 

Consumers Reward Product Benefits

The NOBS bleach system was introduced in the United States in 1989 with Tide® with Bleach and later with Cheer with ColorGuard Bleach, Gain with Bleach, and Oxydol. Consumers quickly recognized the product benefits, and today these detergents account for 30 percent of the powder detergent business in the United States. Tide with Bleach alone accounts for approximately $350 million in sales and a 7 percent share of the U.S. laundry detergent market.

Because of its effectiveness in cold water, P&G's detergent with activated bleach has also found success in other regions of the world. In Canada, it is also sold as Tide with Bleach, in Japan as the Ariel brand, and in Mexico as Ariel with Bleach. The difficulty of achieving a commercially viable bleach technology is reflected in the fact that no other competitive system has appeared since the product was marketed. This is a tribute to the quality of scientists and researchers at P&G.

Wash-Day Miracle Only Gets Better

Outstanding technology and the skills of P&G scientists have enabled P&G to develop virtually every major product breakthrough in the laundry detergent category in the past 50 years.

The 1933 introduction of Dreft, the first synthetic detergent developed for household use, began a revolution in cleaning technology. In 1946, P&G launched Tide, which quickly became the country's leading laundry detergent. Tide was coined "The Wash-Day Miracle" because it incorporated a new formula that cleaned better than anything on the market at that time.

 

-- Edited by Apple Roof Cleaning Tampa (813) 655-8777 on Monday 25th of May 2009 11:07:34 PM